＜日本語/English＞トルコ被災地調査の帰国報告記者会見を甲子園会館で開催しました。

English below. 

 

4月12日から20日までトルコ・シリア大地震の被災地調査を行った建築学部の教授3人と神戸市職員2人が5月1日、武庫川女子大学上甲子園キャンパスの甲子園会館で調査結果を速報する記者会見を行い、建築学部の学生や院生も聴講しました。

 

会見を行ったのは建築学部建築学科の柳沢和彦教授・学科長、鳥巣茂樹教授、田川浩之教授と神戸市建築住宅局の田中幸夫建築指導部長、危機管理室の能勢正義課長。さらに、現地で同行したバフチェシヒル大学建築デザイン学部のムラツ教授・学部長がオンラインで参加しました。

 

一行はイスタンブールからアダナ県に入り、アダナ県チュクロワ地区、カフラマンマラシュ県オニキシュバト地区、ハタイ県アンタキヤ地区、サマンダー地区、イスケンデルン地区、パヤス地区等で調査を進めました。

 

会見では各都市の現状を写真や動画で示しながら、それぞれの専門性に基づき考察した内容を説明しました。

 

柳沢教授は被害が最も大きかったアンタキヤについて「町全体が壊滅状態。歴史的建造物であるモスクや教会も多く壊れていた。一方で全く損傷のない現代建築のホテルもあった」とし、田川教授は3つのエリアの地震動を示し、「震源に近いカフラマンマラシュでも計測震度は5.0程度。阪神・淡路大震災より震度が小さいにもかかわらず、外壁が押し出されるように崩落したり、集合住宅がパンケーキクラッシュしたり、大きな被害が出ている。柱に不適切な鉄筋が使われているなど構造面に一因があるのではないか」と説明しました。鳥巣教授は「隣接する建物が壁を接して密着していたため、将棋倒しが起きたと考えられる。一階部分に店舗を構えるなどピロティ式の建物が多いのも被害を大きくした」と推察。耐震基準は日本や欧米と遜色ないにもかかわらず、無理な増改築がみられ、実際に大きな倒壊が起きていることから、基準通りに建てられていない可能性を示唆しました。

 

そのうえで、柳沢教授は「今回は構造面等で問題の特定が少しできた段階。仮設住宅の改善、文化財保存と安全性の観点からミナレット等の耐震化も必要」とし、「持ち帰った結果をさらに検証して何ができるか考えていく」と話しました。

 

ムラツ教授は「古い建物だけでなく、新しい中高層の建物も倒壊しているのは基準が正しく守られていない倫理面の問題もある」とし、バフチェシヒル大学に開設を予定している防災センターに意欲を示しました。

 

神戸市からは被災自治体との意見交換について報告がありました。「トルコ側からの要請があれば、武庫川女子大学と協力して耐震改修の事例や免震技術、神戸市が取り組んでいる小中学校の防災教育や市民啓発などの知見を伝えたい」とし、各自治体やバフチェシヒル大学の要請に応じて連携・支援していく方向性を示しました。

 

今回の報告に先立ち、一行は4月26日に神戸市の久元喜造市長を表敬訪問し、調査内容を報告しました。

 

 

Three professors from the School of Architecture and two Kobe City officials, who conducted a survey of the areas affected by the Turkey-Syria earthquake from April 12th to 20th, held a press conference on May 1st at Koshien Kaikan on Mukogawa Women's University's Kamikoshien Campus to report the preliminary results of their survey, with students and graduate students from the School of Architecture also in attendance.

 

The press conference was held by Kazuhiko Yanagisawa, professor and chair of the Department of Architecture, Shigeki Torisu, and Hiroyuki Tagawa of the Faculty of Architecture, along with Yukio Tanaka, director of the Building Guidance Department of the Kobe City Building and Housing Bureau, and Masayoshi Nose, section chief of the Risk Management Office. In addition, Prof. Mulatu, Professor and Dean of the Faculty of Architecture and Design at Bahçeşehir University, who accompanied the group on site, participated online.

 

The group entered Adana Province from Istanbul and proceeded to conduct surveys in Chukurova District, Adana Province; Onikishvat District, Kahramanmaraş District; Antakya District, Hatay District; Samandar District; Iskenderun District; Payas District, and others.

 

At the press conference, he explained what he had examined based on his expertise while showing photos and videos of the current situation in each city.

 

Professor Yanagisawa commented on Antakya, which suffered the most damage, "The entire town has been destroyed. Many mosques and churches, which are historical buildings, were also damaged. On the other hand, there were hotels of modern architecture that were not damaged at all." Professor Tagawa showed seismic tremors in three areas and said, "Even in Kahramanmarash, which is close to the epicenter, the measured seismic intensity was about 5.0. Even though the intensity was smaller than that of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, there was significant damage, with exterior walls collapsing as if pushed out and housing complexes suffering pancake crashes. This may be due in part to structural aspects, such as the use of inappropriate reinforcing bars in the pillars," he explained. Professor Torisu said, "The adjacent buildings were in close contact with each other with their walls touching, and this is thought to be the cause of the chessboard collapse. The fact that many piloti-style buildings had stores on the ground floor also contributed to the damage. He suggested that although earthquake resistance standards are comparable to those in Japan, Europe, and the U.S., the buildings may not have been built according to the standards because of unreasonable additions and renovations, and the fact that major collapses actually occurred."

 

 Professor Yanagisawa then commented, "This time, we are at the stage where we have been able to identify a few structural problems. We need to improve the temporary housing, and from the viewpoint of cultural asset preservation and safety, we need to make the minarets and other structures more earthquake resistant," he said.

 

Professor Muratz stated that "the fact that not only old buildings but also new mid-rise and high-rise buildings collapsed is also an ethical problem in that standards are not being properly followed," and expressed his enthusiasm for the disaster prevention center planned to be established at Bakhceshir University.

 

The City of Kobe reported on the exchange of opinions with the affected municipalities. The city of Kobe reported on its exchange of opinions with the affected municipalities. "If Turkey requests, we would like to share with them our knowledge of earthquake retrofitting, seismic isolation technology, and Kobe City's efforts in disaster education and public awareness in elementary and junior high schools in cooperation with Mukogawa Women's University," the report said, adding that the city would provide cooperation and support as requested by each local government and Bakhceshir University.

 

Prior to this report, the delegation paid a courtesy visit to Kobe City Mayor Kizo Hisamoto on April 26 and reported on the contents of the survey.